Thursday, June 1, 2023

June Colorado River History Dates

 

Rod Sanderson on the flipped boat Rattlesnake below Lava Falls, June 13, 1958, courtesy The Huntington Library

June Colorado River History Dates

June 1, 1959 – A Walt Disney crew of 11 men flew into Page, Arizona, to begin preparations for the filming of “Ten Who Dared.”

June 2, 1955 - Big Ed Hudson and Ed Nichols arrive at Lees Ferry in Hudson’s motorboat after launching at Glenwood Springs, Colorado. This trip connected a 1,400-mile-long motorboat line for Big Ed from Glenwood to the Gulf of California.

June 3, 1954 – Otis “Dock” Marston arrives at Lees Ferry with three 18-foot-long aluminum hull Smith-Craft. Elwyn Blake of the 1923 USGS river trip is at the Ferry and helps launch the fleet.

June 4, 1956 – Harry Aleson and Wilson “Willie” Taylor visit at Lees Ferry, their 30-minute conversation punctuated by frequent outbursts of laughter. Willie would die of a heart attack just below President Harding Rapid two days later.

June 5, 1959 – Contractors continued digging dam foundations at the Glen Canyon Damsite.

June 6, 1950 – The Flagstaff newspaper ran an article about helicopter tours starting up at the South Rim of Grand Canyon.

June 7, 1950 – Dock Marston, Edwin J. Montgomery, and Elmer B. “Red” Carson, of the Arizona Helicopter Service at the South Rim, plan some Hance Rapid helicopter filming of Marston’s upcoming Grand Canyon river trip.

June 8, 1954 – National Park Service Chief Council Jackson Price creates the term “private boater” and writes NPS Director Worth about it.

June 9, 1869 – In Major Powell’s Report to Congress, the No Name flips on this date, losing precious supplies and much of the expedition food.  Frank Mason Brown is born in Blue Hill, Maine, on this date in 1845.

June 10, 1951 - As all the boats cleared the South Canyon beach, the Chris-Craft Chariot backed into submerged rocks and limped back ashore. The crew careened the damaged craft with a winch and nylon line, then changed the propeller and straightened the rudder.

June 11, 1954 – Marston’s 3-boat Smith-Craft motorcade runs Horn Creep Rapid on about 14,000 cfs.

June 12, 1950 – While Dock Marston prepares to launch a river trip at Lees Ferry, Frank Wright and Jim Rigg row in, completing a Glen canyon run. Wright and Rigg admit to Marston that Norm Nevills ignited a Marston fuel cache at President Harding Rapid in 1949.

June 13, 1956 – Joe Desloge flips the Smith-Craft Rattlesnake in Lava Falls, the first record of a boat flip in that rapid. After the flip Rod was asked when he knew the “boat was going over what did you think and what did you say?” Rod grinned his slow smile and said, “What I thought I’ll keep to myself but what I said, was ‘Goodness gracious, what’s going on here’?” During the rest of the trip, someone would say “Oops Vulcan” and the others would burst out laughing.

June 14, 1869 – The Powell expedition camps just above Triplet Falls.

June 15, 1958 - Just before departure from Boat Beach near Phantom Ranch, Dock Marston discovers the coffee, bacon, and butter are still on the rim at the Babbitt’s General Store. Replacements are found at the Ranch and the trip departs on a dropping flood of 61,300 cfs. The group stops for the night at what Dock describes as a “perfect camp,” a large sandy camp with a harbor for the boats known today as Bass Camp.

June 16, 1957 – The Marston river trip camps at today’s Hotauta Camp. The river is at 105,000 cfs and falling from its peak of 124,000 cfs just four days earlier.

June 17, 1943 - Harry Aleson pilots the 16-foot Up Lake, a Thompson Brothers outboard pine skiff with a fifty-two-inch beam, up the Colorado River in Grand Canyon. The 22½-hp Evinrude outboard motor gets him to the foot of Diamond Creek Rapid and no further.

June 18, 1869 - The Kitty received more repair, and a run at “almost railroad speed” for five miles per Bradley, and six miles per Sumner, took the Powell expedition to the mouth of the Bear River, which is now generally known as the Yampa.

June 19, 1960 – Four jetboats departed Lees Ferry on June 18. On the 19th, they place 180-gallons of fuel in the vegetation behind the beach at President Harding Rapid. The group got along well and the evening consisted of much singing, including Throw Out The Lifeline.

June 20, 1938 - At 7:10 a.m., 9:00 a.m. according to Dr. Elzada Clover, the pith-helmeted party departed from Green River, Utah, on a moderate flow gauged at 17,400 cubic feet per second, but estimated by Norm Nevills to be 35,000 cfs.

June 21, 1960 - On the recommendation of Dock Marston and Bill Austin, Margie Mannering and Buzz Belknap hike to Phantom Ranch to join the jet boat trip. All the while, Dock eyes the river gauge as it slowly drops below 38,000 cfs.

June 22, 1854 - In October, 1852, the side-wheel steamer Uncle Sam was unloaded from a sailing vessel and assembled at the head of the Sea of Cortez. She was sixty-five feet long and had twelve to sixteen feet of beam, with a depth of 3½-feet amidships drawing twenty-two inches. The boat was powered with a 20 to 25-hp locomotive-type boiler. Her crew struggled for fifteen days with the deficient power and unfamiliar river to get her to Yuma on the morning of December 3, 1852, with thirty-five tons of freight. She sank at Ankrim’s Ferry below Yuma on June 22, 1854.

June 23, 1960 - After scouting Vulcan Rapid (Lava Falls), Dock Marston and Bill Austin climbed into Big Red. What happened next is still debated to this day but it appeared that Austin entered too fast and at a spot that set the big cathedral hull up for a ski-jump run. Dock judged the craft’s speed at close to 50 miles per hour and estimates put it 10 to 25 feet in the air. Anticipating the rough landing to come, Dock crouched into a low ski position with Bill at the wheel standing next to him. The boat hit the water hard then started a turn toward the left. Dock assumed Austin wanted to do a U-turn at the bottom of the rapid and began looking for rocks ahead when he heard Bill calmly say “You better take over Dock, I have a compound fracture.” Dock looked over to see Bill Austin “sitting on the deck with a shin bone sticking out of the front of his leg.”

June 24, 1960 - The early morning stillness shattered into a loud roar as a Kaman twin rotor turboshaft engine powered HH-43 Huskie flew low over the camp and landed on today’s Tequila Beach. After loading Bill Austin on the ship, Phil Smith climbed in too. The chopper lifted the two men out of the Canyon and took them to the Grand Canyon Hospital at the South Rim.

June 25, 1950 – The Bureau of Reclamation strings a 3,726-foot-long tramway from the rim of Grand Canyon to the top of the Redwall Limestone at the Marble Canyon Damsite. They claim it is the longest tramway in the world.

June 26, 1939 – Don Harris meets Bill Gibson and Chester Klevin as they alight from the train at Green River, Utah, at 3:15 a.m. The men load their boats onto a truck and drive to the mouth of North Wash on the Colorado River, arriving at 9:30 p.m. the same day. They rowed into Glen Canyon early the next morning, visiting Music Temple, Rainbow Bridge, and Crossing of the Fathers, before meeting Bert Loper at 24.5 Mile on the night of July 2.

June 27, 1889 - the Brown expedition splits up. Five men continue the slow line survey of Glen Canyon, while Reynolds and the members of an advance party headed for Lee’s Ferry to start the “eye survey” into Marble and Grand canyons. This advance group consisted of Brown, Stanton, Hislop, Gibson, Richards, Hansbrough, Nims, and the new man, McDonald.

June 28, 1882 On this date Seymour Sylvester Dubendorff is born. Dubendorff struggled with his father, Charles Wesley, and a brother, Edward Arthur, to make a good living and care for their mother, Mahala Oliva, who was crippled from having been “… blowed away in a cyclone in Kansas.”

June 29, 1906 - Congress passed an Act to protect wildlife in a Forest Preserve, creating the Grand Canyon National Forest Game Preserve.

June 30, 1956 - Two commercial airliners collided over the confluence of the Colorado and Little Colorado Rivers, killing all 128 passengers and crew aboard.

Ps... Yes, this post is a challenge to see if I can find a Colorado River Basin fact for every day of June... Done! If you like this sort of stuff you will enjoy reading the 4 e-book series Dock Marston: The Colorado River Historian Volume 1 on Amazon Kindle or the hardback book at Vishnu Temple Press.

Monday, May 1, 2023

May Colorado River History Dates

 

Evie Mull in Grand Canyon, May, 1952 photo courtesy The Huntington Library

May Colorado River History Dates

May 1, 1948 – The Esmeralda II, the first inboard motorboat to run all the way down the Colorado River in Grand Canyon and designed to uprun the Grand, is launched in Morro Bay, California, for trial runs. Twelve years later to the day, the first jet boats are launched at Lees Ferry, Arizona, for a downrun and uprun attempt. The jets succeed later that summer.

May 2, 1918 – After his photography work on the 1909 Julius Stone river trip from Green River, Wyoming, to Needles, California, Raymond Cogswell attends Case School of Applied Science and graduates on this date with a degree in Chemical Engineering at the age of 36.

May 3, 1938 – Grand Canyon National Park Superintendent Minor Tillotson writes to Norm Nevills that the Secretary of Interior had been notified by Tillotson of a need to implement a permit system for river runners, but the Secretary “was loath to put it into effect because of the practical difficulties in enforcing it.” Tillotson notes that “because of the dangers involved, especially to inexperienced boatman and adventure seekers, we naturally do all in our power to discourage such trips. Although I have some knowledge as to your experience as a boatman, and in handling such parties, I still wish to go on record as very strongly urging against your proposal.”

May 4, 1889 – In an amazing feat of surveying and boating skill, Frank C. Kendrick, T. P. Rigney, and Messers Knox, Cost, and Brock, bring a level line survey from Grand Junction, Colorado, to the Confluence of the Grand and Green Rivers. They immediately begin traveling up the Green River in their oar powered boat, arriving at Green River, Utah, Eleven days later.

May 5, 1957 – Frank “Fisheyes” Masland hosts a weekend gathering of river runners at his Kings Gap estate in Pennsylvania. Attendees include kayaker Alexander “Zee” Grant, his wife Margaret, artist Mary Abbott, NPS Interp Chief John Doerr and his wife Nancy, Powell Biographer William Culp Darrah and his wife Helen, Robert Stanton’s daughter Ann, river runners Evie and John Mull, and Margaret and Otis “Dock” Marston.

May 6, 1942 – Harry Aleson and Doyle Parham uprun the Colorado River in Grand Canyon to 220 Mile in Harry’s outboard motorboat Up Colorado, setting a new uprun record.

May 7, 1956 – Grand Canyon National Park Acting Chief Ranger Peter H. Schuft mails letters to river runners with directions on how to apply for a Grand Canyon boating permit. The application had to be filled out in duplicate and “returned to this office as soon as possible.” On receiving the necessary applications and meeting the Park’s “minimum safety requirements in equipment and experience,” a separate permit “will be forwarded to you.”

May 8, 1957 – The body of Hite Ferry operator Reed Maxfield is recovered from the Colorado River at the Glen Canyon Damsite. It is surmised he slipped off the ferry and drowned. He did not know how to swim.

May 9, 1955 – 750 workers at the Evinrude outboard motor factory in Michigan go back to work after a month-long strike.

May 10, 1909 – Frances Johnson Holmstrom gives birth to Haldane “Buzz” Holmstrom. The newborn’s father is Charles Magnus Holmstrom.

May 11, 1949 – Margaret and Otis “Dock” Marston visit with Bert Loper and discuss boats. When discussing the Nevills boats, Loper acknowledges their “success but that does not mean I must like them.”

May 12, 1942 – Norm Nevills completes a run of the San Juan River. Advertising Agent Neill Wilson is on that river trip and agrees to help promote Nevills river trips for a 50% discount in the fare for a river run through Grand Canyon later that year.

May 13, 1954 – The Vernal Express runs a story on Dinosaur National Monument installing permanent campsites along the Yampa River.

May 14, 1948 – The first documented river trip to run the Dolores River launches at Dolores, Colorado. Trip members include Becky and Preston Walker and Margaret and Otis “Dock” Marston.

May 15, 1939 – Haldane “Buzz” Holmstrom almost drowns in an uprun attempt of the Snake River in Hells Canyon. Earl G. Hamilton pulls the drowning man out of the river.

May 16, 1955 - Grand Canyon National Park Superintendent Preston Patraw writes Harvey Butchart that an air mattress is not safe or appropriate float equipment.

May 17, 1959 – The Boston Globe runs an article on a new type of watercraft titled “Jet Age Here in Boating.”

May 18, 1955 – Grand Canyon National Park Superintendent Preston Patraw writes A. M. Hopwood of Bisbee, Arizona that under no circumstances will he approve Hopwood’s request to run the Colorado Rive in a wingless seaplane.

May 19, 1942 - Grand Canyon National Park Superintendent Harold Bryant writes the Director of the Park Service that it is “becoming more and more evident that the trip down the river is one of the most outstanding and thrilling trips in America.”

May 20, 1948 – The first documented river trip to run the Dolores passes the confluence with the Rio San Miguel then spots what remains of a hanging flume pinned to a sheer sandstone cliff face 100 feet overhead. The flume had been constructed in the 1880s as part of a placer mining operation.

May 21, 1949 - Psychoanalyst Thad Ames predicts that the success of Hudson’s motor cruise through Grand Canyon will bring about Nevills’ death and it was probable that he would use his plane to do so. On September 19, 1949, Nevills and his wife were killed when their light plane crashed into a cliff.

May 22, 1871 – The second river trip led by John Wesley Powell departed Green River, Wyoming.

May 23, 1913 – Ellsworth Kolb leaves Needles, California, in a small boat headed to the Sea of Cortez, intending to complete the fourth recorded voyage from Green River, Wyoming, to the Sea.

May 24, 1869 – Major John Wesley Powell and others boat away from Green River, Wyoming. Many of the crew are bleary-eyed and snarly haired from the bad whiskey consumed the previous few nights to celebrate the men’s farewell from their friends.

May 25, 1889 – A group of river runners led by Frank Mason Brown departs Green River, Utah, intending to survey a railroad line from the Confluence of the Green and Grand rivers to the Sea of Cortez.

May 26, 1959 - Five members of the Underwater Demolition Team #11, Naval Amphibious Base out of Coronado, California, were intercepted at Phantom Ranch and sent hiking up the trail to the Rim as they lacked a permit to run the river.

May 27, 1952 – The first motorized commercial river trip to run the Colorado River in Grand Canyon leaves Lees Ferry. Evie Mull, the only female on the trip, becomes the first woman to run Lava Falls in a motorboat.

May 28, 1970 – Preston Walker, participant in the first documented run of the Dolores River in 1948, dies on the Dolores River of a heart attack.

May 29, 1959 – Bill Cooper launches two 18-foot-long motorboats in Lake Mead in an uprun attempt. They are powered by twin 70 HP Mercury outboards. One boat flips in Lava Falls and Cooper retreats.

May 30, 1941 – Claude Hale Birdseye, leader of the 1923 USGS river trip through Grand Canyon, dies at the age of 63.

May 31, 1948 - Earl “Bub” Williams used a plywood sheet attached to inner tubes to win the Wind River Boat Race and the First Place prize of $1,000. Roughly 8,000 people jamming the two-lane road along the river with 2,000 automobiles watch him do it.

Ps... Yes, this post is a challenge to see if I can find a Colorado River Basin fact for every day of January... Done! If you like this sort of stuff you might enjoy reading Dock Marston: Grand Canyon’s Colorado River Running Historian Volume 1 available at Vishnu Temple Press. The four-part Kindle version of the same book is available here.

Sunday, April 2, 2023

April Colorado River History Dates

 

Airing up the Hatch rubber bridge pontoon at Marble Canyon, April 24, 1954

April Colorado River History Dates

April 1, 1952 – Thomas Delbert “Del” Reed died of a heart attack in Bluff, Utah, and he is buried there. Del rowed a boat on the Clover Expedition of 1938, and again for Norm Nevills in 1940. He and Norm became the sixth and seventh to make a second traverse of Grand Canyon and the first to make two traverses together. Rowing for Norm again in 1941, Del and Norm became the first to make three traverses of the Marble and Grand canyons and were also the first people to make three trips through the Grand Canyon together.

April 2, 1917 - In a letter to Bob Stanton, Julius Stone writes “It is not only unbelievable, but physically impossible that White should have made the trip from above the head of the Colorado to Old Callville on a raft in fourteen days when it took us over a month with the best possible equipment plus a very considerable experience. It beats all how difficult it is to kill a lie after it has been repeated a sufficient number of times.”

April 3, 1949 – The second annual Wind River Boat Race near Thermopolis, Wyoming, is announced in the Billings Gazette. There is a $1,000 First Place cash prize.

April 4, 1956 – Otis “Dock” Marston and Jimmy Jordan spoke by phone to sort out the complexities of arranging 8 outboard motors for Dock’s 1956 Grand Canyon cruise.

April 5, 1955 – Bill Beer and John Daggett wade into the Colorado River at Lees Ferry. Surfers from California, the two plan on floating the river through Grand Canyon sitting on straps suspended between waterproof gear bags.

April 6, 1950 – Three University of Arizona students launch a 12-foot-long decked metal dory named Deacon’s Dilemma at the Paria beach sans permit. The boat is built and piloted by Dave Jensen. Seven days later they arrive at Boat Beach below the Kaibab Suspension Bridge in great shape. Grand Canyon Superintendent Harold Bryant is not impressed.

April 7, 1960 – Harry Aleson visited with Dock Marston in Berkeley, California. The two men went over what Harry remembered about the loss of Bert Loper in 1949. Harry tells Dock that just before Bert and Wayne Nichol capsized, Nichol shouted “Row! For God’s sake, Row!”

April 8, 1947 – Disney director and producer Erwin Verity invited Dock Marston to bring his river films to the Los Angeles studios for a showing, starting a long friendship between Walt Disney and Marston. 

April 9, 1908 – Norm Nevills is born in Oakland, California, to Mae Davies and William Eugene Nevills.

April 10, 1948 – Ed Hudson writes to Dock Marston that 50 gallons of gasoline is headed to the mouth of Diamond Creek and another 50 gallons to the mouth of Havasu Canyon. The fuel is for an uprun attempt of the Colorado River in Hudson’s boat Esmeralda II.

April 11, 1956 -- President Eisenhower took a brief time-out during a round of golf at Augusta to sign the $760 million Colorado River Storage Act. Dams in Dinosaur National Monument were no longer in the bill.

April 12, 1928 – Bessie Haley Married Glen Hyde in Twin Falls, Idaho.

April 13, 1953 -- A Canadian and a German wrote Grand Canyon National Park Superintendent Harold Bryant asking for a river permit, intending to take Klepper folding kayaks through Grand Canyon. Even though the two had impressive river skills, Superintendent Bryant denied their request. Dock Marston thought Bryant’s denial pointless, certain “there was no one who knew how to run the Canyon well enough to justify a government recommendation.”

April 14, 1948 – In response to a memo from National Park Service Regional Director Minor Tillotson, Big Bend Superintendent Ross Maxwell wrote to National Park Service Associate Director Demaray that he “attempted to scare everyone off that I could from taking a boat on any kind of a trip within Big Bend National Park.”

April 15, 1915 – Emery Kolb gives his first lecture while showing film footage of river running at the Kolb Studio on the Rim of Grand Canyon. Protected by contract with the NPS, no one else could show a similar film at the South Rim till after Kolb died in 1976.

April 16, 1958 -- Gaylord Staveley didn’t help his reputation when he applied for an exclusive franchise to operate boat tours through Grand Canyon with both oars and power. The Park Service did not go along with the request, nor did the river community when they heard about it.

April 17, 1959 – Walt Disney film producer Jim Algar writes Dock Marston he has decided to have two Whitehall replicas built from scratch for the filming of the movie Ten Who Dared.

April 18, 1906 – A massive 7.9 magnitude earthquake devastates and burns San Francisco, killing an estimated 3,000 people. In Berkeley, 12-year-old Otis Marston views the terrifying spectacle of the famous city across the Bay enveloped by sheets of flame and billowing clouds of evil-hued smoke.

April 19, 1955 – Grand Canyon Superintendent Patraw had a face-to-face meeting with the swimmers Beer and Daggett. He notes he “advised them to discontinue the trip.” Beer and Daggett “insisted they were going to continue.” In his consideration to let the two men return to the river, Patraw noted that Daggett just happened to be a first cousin of Daggett Harvey, president of the Fred Harvey Company that managed the El Tovar and Bright Angel hotels at the South Rim.

April 20, 1890 -- Leaving Denver by train on this date, Bob Stanton returns to his river party still camped at Needles, California. They reach tidewater at the Sea of Cortez, Saturday, April 26, 1890.

April 21, 1950 – Grand Canyon Superintendent Harold Bryant writes Regional Director Tillotson that he intends to “continue issuing informal permits to those who cooperate, and thus let it be known that a permit is required.”

April 22, 1954 – Dock Marston was not averse to boating with women. In fact, he found the historic writings of women river runners stood “up on average better than the men. And there is nothing wrong with the women having opinions. The men of the River would be wise to listen.”

April 23, 1955 – Reed Jensen and 4 others in two 10-man oar powered rafts valiantly fight the spring winds in Grand Canyon. They find unusual tracks in the sand above rapids made by two-tailed beavers. At Phantom Ranch, they learn Beer and Daggett are a few days ahead of them.

April 24, 1954 – An oar-powered bridge pontoon is rigged at Lee’s Ferry for a Grand Canyon cruise, a first. The craft is affectionally named Millipede.

April 25, 1958 -- Gaylord Staveley’s letter to the editor, printed in the San Juan Record, suggests the lake behind Glen Canyon Dam be named Lake Nevills.

April 26, 1954 -- Leslie Jones writes Grand Canyon National Park that he plans to resume his river trip using the decked canoe he left at Phantom the year before. Without stopping at Park Headquarters and without a permit, Jones hikes in at Phantom a few days later and heads downriver alone in his canoe.

April 27, 1955 – The Jensen trip pulls into the mouth of Havasu Canyon. After a few minutes stop, they head on down river, never seeing Beer and Daggett. This marks a first for Grand Canyon; one trip passing another without encountering them.

April 28, 1955 – The first documented use of a paddle boat in Grand Canyon occurred when 5 college students packed a 7-man paddle raft down the Tanner Trail and headed downriver. Two days later they arrived at Phantom Ranch and hiked their raft out.

Ps... Yes, this post is a challenge to see if I can find a Colorado River Basin fact for every day of January... Done! If you like this sort of stuff you might enjoy reading Dock Marston: Grand Canyon’s Colorado River Running Historian Volume 1 available at Vishnu Temple Press. The four-part Kindle version of the same book is available here.

Monday, March 20, 2023

Canyon View Information Plaza

 In the 1990s, Grand Canyon planners put together a bold plan to get visitors out of their cars. The concept was designed to have visitors leave their cars outside of the Park boundary and ride a light rail train into the Park. The train would end at the Canyon View Information Plaza, called CVIP for short. 

After CVIP and its train station were built, the plan fell apart. Chief planner Brad Traver wrote a manuscript about how the planning process failed. . In the end, the Park Service built a large parking lot around CVIP.

Brad Traver retired from the Park Service after more that 30 years of service. He held a number of positions at Grand Canyon National Park, from park engineer to project supervisor. He also led the development of the 1995 general management plan for Grand Canyon.

Brad Traver's manuscript is here. This document courtesy the Grand Canyon Museum Collection.

Wednesday, March 15, 2023

Park Planning

Field Hearing at Grand Canyon April, 2010. Photo courtesy Tom Martin

 

 Park Planning

Preserving a place like the Grand Canyon requires a lot of planning by staff of the National Park Service. When that planning runs afoul of commercial interests, special interest legislation changes the landscape at Grand Canyon. From promoting more overflights in the skies overhead to blocking Wilderness Designation and increasing private river tours in the Canyon's bottom, it's all here at Grand Canyon National Park. One retired National Park Service Superintendent called it "Vision Impaired." 


Canyon View Information Plaza Vision Impaired Manuscript by Brad Traver